ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管:国家卫生健康委员会
主办:中国医师协会
   辽宁省基础医学研究所
   辽宁中医药大学附属医院

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 547-549.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.16743865.2018.06.027

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2013~2017年沈阳市儿童死亡监测结果纵向分析及干预措施

倪佳,刘芳然,宋亮亮   

  1. 110014 沈阳,沈阳市妇幼保健院儿保指导科
  • 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2019-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 110014 沈阳,沈阳市妇幼保健院儿保指导科
  • 作者简介:倪佳(1985-),女,医学硕士,主治医师。研究方向:儿童保健

Longitudinal analysis and intervention measures of child death monitoring results in Shenyang from 2013 to 2017

NI Jia, LIU Fangran, SONG Liangliang   

  1. Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenyang 110014, China
  • Online:2018-12-25 Published:2019-03-25

摘要:
目的
分析沈阳市2013~2017年5岁以下儿童死亡情况,探讨干预措施。
方法
选择2012年10月1日至2017年9月30日(依据国家5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案,每年度的监测统计时限为:上一年度的10月1日至本年度的9月30日)沈阳市13个区县全部活产及5岁以下死亡儿童(沈阳户籍和非沈阳户籍居住1年以上者,离开沈阳1年以上者不列为监测对象),对其死亡监测资料进行统计分析。
结果
2013~2017年沈阳市5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率和新生儿死亡率呈下降趋势,5岁以下儿童死亡率由2013年的5.42‰下降至2017年的3.70‰,婴儿死亡率由2013年的4.57‰下降至2017年的3.18‰,新生儿死亡率由2013年的3.07‰下降至2017年的2.15‰。5岁以下儿童死亡以婴儿死亡为主,婴儿死亡又以新生儿死亡为主,5年间变化不明显。2013~2017年5岁以下儿童死亡主要疾病死因变化明显,2013~2016年早产和低出生体重是首位死因,2015年开始其他先天异常进入前三位死因,并在2017年成为首位死因。
结论
加强孕期和围产期的保健,采取多种措施努力提高产前筛查能力和诊断水平。同时加强基层孕期及儿童保健服务质量,降低早产发生率,推广新生儿窒息复苏技术,也是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

关键词: 5岁以下儿童, 死亡率, 死因

Abstract:
Objective
To analyze the deaths of children under 5 years old in Shenyang City from 2013 to 2017, and explore intervention measures.
Methods
Choose all living births and dead children under 5 years old in the 13 districts and counties in Shenyang from October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2017 (according to the national mortality monitoring program for children under 5 years old; the annual monitoring and statistical period was: from October first of the previous year to September 30th of the present year) (with Shenyang household registration and nonShenyang household registration for more than one year; those who had been away from Shenyang for more than one year were not included in the monitoring), and their death monitoring data were statistically analyzed.
Results
Underfive mortality, infant mortality and neonatal mortality had shown a downward trend in Shenyang City from 2013 to 2017. The underfive mortality rate dropped from 5.42% in 2013 to 3.70% in 2017. The infant mortality rate dropped from 4.57% in 2013 to 3.18% in 2017, and the neonatal mortality rate dropped from 3.07% in 2013 to 2.15% in 2017. The death of children under 5 years old was mainly infant death, and the death of infants was mainly neonatal death. The change was not obvious in the 5 years.  From 2013 to 2017, the cause of death of major diseases in children under 5 years old changed significantly. The premature birth and low body weight was the first cause of death in 2013-2016. In 2015, other congenital anomalies were the top three causes of death and became the first cause of death in 2017.
ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen the health care during pregnancy and perinatal period, and take various measures to improve the ability of prenatal screening and diagnosis. At the same time, strengthening the quality of basic pregnancy and child health care services, reducing the incidence of preterm birth, and promoting neonatal asphyxia resuscitation techniques are also keys to reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years old.

Key words: Children under 5 years old, Mortality, Cause of death