关键词: 气胸, 正压通气, 机械通气, 胸腔穿刺, 婴儿, 新生儿

Abstract:
Objective：To summarize the causes and prevention measures of newborn pneumothorax.
Methods：Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 30 cases of newborn pneumothorax.
Results：In the 30 cases,there were 20 cases of premature infants and 10 cases of full term infants. Thoracic uplift of diseased side were in 6 cases, decreased breathing sounds in 5 cases,and breathing sounds disappeared in 3.There were percussion sounds in 3 cases, heart shift in 3 cases; there are two or more than two kinds of symptoms in 2 cases. There were 28 cases of unilateral pneumothorax,with 8 cases on the left and 20 cases on the right and 2 on both sides. The triggers were: mechanical ventilation in 10 cases, continuous positive airway pressure in 6 cases, oxygen gasbag pressurized in 8 cases, no obvious cause in 6 cases. Twenty cases got cured, 4 cases were improved, 3 cases died, and 3cases gave up the treatment.
Conclusion：Neonatal pneumothorax is more often seen in premature infants, mostly secondary to primary disease, and incorrect airway pressure may induce the occurrence of pneumothorax. Prevention of premature birth and suffocation, avoidance of improper airway pressure, adequate knowledge of cesarean section indications, and proper application of breathing machine can reduce the incidence rate of pneumothorax; strengthening the comprehensive treatment can improve the cure rate.

Key words: Pneumothorax, Positive pressure ventilation, Mechanical ventilation, Pleural biopsy, Baby;, newborn