ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管:国家卫生健康委员会
主办:中国医师协会
   辽宁省基础医学研究所
   辽宁中医药大学附属医院

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 18-22.doi: 10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.01.004

• 新生儿疾病防治专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

新生儿黄疸流行病学分析及影响因素的研究进展

赵李欣1,2, 葛海燕2()   

  1. 050000 石家庄,河北医科大学2020级预防医学专业本科生(赵李欣)
    050000 石家庄,石家庄市第四医院新生儿科(赵李欣,葛海燕)
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-05 修回日期:2025-10-17 出版日期:2026-02-25 上线日期:2026-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 葛海燕 E-mail:gehaiyanhedy@126.com
  • 作者简介:赵李欣(2002-),女,河北医科大学2020级本科生在读。研究方向:新生儿黄疸影响因素研究
  • 基金资助:
    河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(2022192)

Research progress in epidemiological analysis and influencing factors of neonatal jaundice

Lixin ZHAO1,2, Haiyan GE2()   

  1. 1.Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000,China
    2.The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang,Shijiazhuang 050000,China
  • Received:2025-07-05 Revised:2025-10-17 Published:2026-02-25 Online:2026-02-25
  • Contact: Haiyan GE E-mail:gehaiyanhedy@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Plan Project of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2022192)

摘要:

新生儿黄疸是新生儿期最常见的症状,本文从其流行病学特征、影响因素及预防治疗等方面进行了分析,系统综述了2020~2025年关于新生儿黄疸的研究进展。流行病学数据显示,新生儿黄疸发病率存在显著地区差异,从全球流行趋势来看,新生儿黄疸发病率呈上升趋势,撒哈拉以南非洲和南亚地区发病率(60%~80%),远超高收入国家(20%~30%)。从国内流行趋势看,新生儿黄疸发病率高,且发病率也呈上升趋势,北方发病率高于南方等。影响因素方面有母体妊娠并发症(如糖尿病、高血压),溶血因素,新生儿遗传代谢缺陷(葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症、UGT1A1基因突变),感染产伤及环境因素(如母乳喂养延迟)等。便携式经皮胆红素检测仪和移动监护提升了筛查效率,各种疗法相继发展,未来需聚焦精准医学,与科技紧密结合,关注不同地区的诊疗水平,以改善全球新生儿健康结局。

关键词: 新生儿黄疸, 流行病学特征, 影响因素, 新生儿

Abstract:

Neonatal jaundice is the most common symptom in the neonatal period. This article analyzes its epidemiological characteristics, influencing factors, and prevention and treatment, and systematically reviews the research progress in neonatal jaundice from 2020 to 2025. Epidemiological data show that there are significant regional differences in the incidence of neonatal jaundice. Globally, the incidence of neonatal jaundice is on the rise, with rates in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia(60%-80%) far exceeding those in high-income countries(20%-30%). In China, the incidence of neonatal jaundice is high and also on the rise, with higher rates in the north than in the south. The influencing factors include maternal pregnancy complications (such as diabetes and hypertension), hemolytic factors, neonatal genetic metabolic defects (such as G6PD deficiency and UGT1A1 mutation), infection, birth trauma, and environmental factors (such as delayed breastfeeding). Portable transcutaneous bilirubinometers and mobile monitoring have improved screening efficiency, and various therapies have developed successively. In the future, it is necessary to focus on precision medicine, closely integrate with science and technology, and pay attention to the diagnosis and treatment levels in different regions, in order to improve the health outcomes of newborns worldwide.

Key words: Neonatal jaundice, Epidemiological characteristics, Influencing factors, Newborn

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