ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
　　　辽宁省基础医学研究所
　　　辽宁中医药大学附属医院
中国中西医结合儿科学

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 25-.

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

大连地区402例低出生体重儿发生的危险因素分析

刘明涛，黄燕，崔振泽   

  1. 116011 辽宁 大连，大连医科大学附属大连市儿童医院呼吸科（刘明涛，黄燕，崔振泽）；100049 北京，中国科学院大学（黄燕）
  • 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 黄燕，E-mail：13304280868@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘明涛(1987-)，女，医学硕士，主治医师。研究方向：中西医结合治疗小儿呼吸系统疾病
  • 基金资助:
    大连市医学卫生科学研究计划项目（56）

Analysis of the risk factors for occurrence of 402 cases of low birth weight infants in Dalian

LIU Mingtao, HUANG Yan, CUI Zhenze   

  1.  Dalian Children's Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
  • Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-05-17

PDF (PC)

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摘要： 目的:探讨大连地区低出生体重儿（LBWI）母孕前期及孕期的高危因素情况。
方法:根据患儿出生体质量将2012年4月至2019年10月大连地区出生的402例LBWI分成3组，超低出生体重儿（ELBWI）组(≤1 000 g)8例，极低出生体重儿（VLBWI）组（1 001～1 500 g）70例，LBWI组（1 501～2 500 g）324例〖JP〗。采用《IMOCH婴幼儿高危因素评分调查表》系统收集临床资料进行回顾性研究。
结果:本次研究筛查的孕前危险因素母亲有不良孕产史（18.40%），母亲妊娠年龄＜18岁或≥35岁（13.93%）；母妊娠期合并危险因素按暴露情况依次为胎膜早破（30.60%），多胎妊娠（≥2胎）（29.35%），妊娠高血压综合征或子痫（23.88%）；随年份增长，不良孕产史，母亲妊娠年龄＜18岁或≥35岁，先兆早产等高危因素的发生率降低，多胎妊娠（≥2胎）发生率出现增高趋势。经回归分析提示LBWI的发生与不良孕产史、孕妇年龄＜18岁或≥35岁、胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压综合征或子痫、妊娠期合并糖尿病、脐带异常有相关性，各组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。
结论:LBWI的发生受孕前、围产期多种因素影响，可出现多种并发症，尽早控制高危因素，加强围产期保健，降低其发生率。

关键词: 低出生体重儿, 危险因素, 婴儿, 新生

Abstract: Objective:To study the risk factors for low birth weight infants(LBWI) during pregnancy and pregnancy periods in Dalian.
Methods:A total of 402 cases of LBWI, born in Dalian from Apr. 2012 to Oct. 2019, were divided into 3 groups according to their birth weights:8 cases in ELBWI group (≤1 000 g), 70 cases in VLBWI group(1 001-1 500 g), and 324 cases in LBWI group (1 501-2 500 g). IMOCH infant high-risk factor scoring questionnaire was adopted to systematically collect the clinical data for retrospective study.
Results:The pregnancy risk factors in this study included: a history of bad pregnancy (18.40%) and age of pregnancy <18 or ≥35 (13.93%). The risk factors during pregnancy were as follows (in the turn of exposure)：premature rupture of membrane （30.60%），multiple gestation (≥2 fetuses)(29.35%), pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome or epilepsy（23.88%）. With time going, the occurrence of such risk factors as history of bad pregnancy, maternal age of pregnancy<18 or ≥(35, and threatened abortion reduced, while the occurrence of multiple pregnancy(≥2 fetuses) increased. Regression analysis suggested that the occurrence of LBWI was related to history of bad pregnancy, age of pregnancy <18 or ≥35, premature rupture of membrane, pregnancyinduced hypertension syndrome or epilepsy, pregnancy induced diabetes and abnormal umbilical cord, and there was statistical difference among the groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion:The occurrence of low birth weight infants is affected by various factors before pregnancy and perinatal period, and various complications can occur. The incidence of LBWI can be reduced by controlling high-risk factors as early as possible and strengthening health care during perinatal period.

Key words: Low birth weight infant, Risk factor, Infant, newborn