Abstract: Objective:To analyze the clinical features of human rhinovirus(HRV) infection in infants with bronchiolitis, and to explore the relationship between allergic factors and HRV infection.Methods:The clinical data of 174 infants with bronchiolitis were collected, who were admitted to Dalian Municipal Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2015 to December 2016, and they were divided into HRV group and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) group according to etiological test. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were retrospectively compared.Results:In HRV group of 29 children, the ratio of male to female was 3.1∶1, and the average age was (9.0±3.0) months. In RSV group of 108 children, the ratio of male to female was 1.5∶1, and the average age was (5.6±2.3) months. The clinical features of infants with bronchiolitis in HRV group(n=29) were similar to those of RSV group(n=108), but HRV group was older than RSV group(P=0.000) and had a higher temperature(P=0.003). The incidence of eczema(P=0.006) was higher, and family history of asthma and allergic rhinitis in parents or secondary relatives in HRV group were more common than RSV group; the eosinophil counts(P=0.006) were higher, but there was no significant difference in basophil counts.Conclusion:The clinical features of bronchiolitis with HRV and RSV infection are similar, but infants with HRV infection are older than those with RSV infection with higher temperature. Individual atopy, family history of asthma and allergic rhinitis increase the incidence of bronchiolitis with HRV infection.

Key words: Bronchiolitis, Human rhinovirus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Allergy