Abstract:
Objective: To explore the possible mechanism of the risk factors of high risk infants in the neonatal period by analyzing the incidence of risk factors and correlation between risk factors and gestational age in neonatal period of high-risk infants.
Methods: A total of 1 800 high-risk neonates were admitted to Dalian Children's Hospital for treatment form June 2012 to June 2013. Totally 1 000 neonates were randomly chosen, among whom 780 were during the neonatal period. IMOCH High-risk Scoring for Infants was used and combined with the case record during hospital stay, the risk factors were collected.
Results: The incidence of high-risk infants in the neonatal period was 78%. The percentage of risk factors from high to low (over 10%) was neonatal infectious disease(Pneumonia, etc. 51.28%), less than 37 weeks of gestation(47.56%), neonatal pathological jaundice（22.69%）, respiratory cyanosis in the neonatal period（22.43%）, excited scream in the neonatal period（18.08%）, abnormal hearing screening（14.62%）, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy（12.05%）. Single factor(33.29%) and combination of two factors(32.53%) were most common. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, convulsions and excited scream in the neonatal period had positive correlation with the gestational age of high-risk infants（P＜0.05）. Respiratory cyanosis in the neonatal period had negative correlation with the gestational age of high-risk infants（P＜0.05）.
Conclusion: The risk factors of high-risk infants in the neonatal period are various, and they interact with each other; some of these factors were also closely related to the gestational age.

Key words: High-risk infants, Gestational age, Risk factors