Abstract: Objective:To observe the diagnosis and evaluation of brain injury in children with hyperbilirubinemia by brain CT and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Methods:A total of 63 children with hyperbilirubinemia treated in our hospital from February 2019 to April 2020 were selected as the observation group; 50 healthy newborns in the same period were selected as the control group. The NBNA score and TB level were determined; the brain CT and MRI techniques were used and the evaluation results of brain injury in children with different methods were analyzed. The measurement of brainstem auditory evoked potential was the gold standard.Results: The TB level in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while the NBNA score was lower(P<0.05). Comparing the diagnostic results of the two methods, the accuracy andsensitivity of MRI were higher than those of CT(P<0.05). The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia within 3 days in children with positive cranial MRI was 79.41%(27/34), which was higher than 17.24%(5/29) in children with negative cranial MRI(P<0.05); the NBNA score of positive children was (32.50±1.36), which was lower than that of negative children (34.14±1.40) (P<0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratio of brain MRI technology is lower thanthat of brain CT technology, and the economic benefit of MRI technology is higher.Conclusion: Compared with cranialCT, MRI has higher accuracy and sensitivity in the diagnosisof hyperbilirubinemia in children, and combined with NBNA score, it can be used as an important method for early evaluation of brain injury in children.

Key words: Hyperbilirubinemia, Brain injury, Cranial CT, Cranial magnetic resonance imaging