ISSN 1674-3865 CN 21-1569/R
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
辽宁省基础医学研究所
辽宁中医药大学附属医院
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
辽宁省基础医学研究所
辽宁中医药大学附属医院
中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 243-247.
目的: 探究分析百日咳患儿临床特征及辅助检查结果。
方法: 选择2018年9月至2020年1月在本院接受治疗的百日咳患儿100例为研究对象，基于症状、体征、基线资料、辅助检查等信息，应用描述性方法对其进行临床特征分析。
结果: 77例患儿经核酸检测为阳性，34例患儿经百日咳毒素特异性IgG抗体检测为阳性，包括6例核酸检测阴性患儿和17例未测核酸患儿。年龄在6个月以下的患儿62例；100例患儿中普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿未接种情况比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿咳嗽中，痉挛性、面色口周发绀、暂停呼吸性比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），面色涨红性、鸡鸣回音性、气喘性比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；辅助检查普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿并衣原体感染/肺炎、并呼吸道病毒感染、并EB病毒感染比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿在白细胞计数正常、白细胞计数＞30×109/L、低氧血症比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿在白细胞计数升高、白细胞（15～30）×109/L、淋巴细胞比例升高、C反应蛋白升高、超敏C反应蛋白升高、降钙素原升高、转氨酶升高、心肌酶升高、胸部影像学肺炎、肺气肿、呼吸衰竭、肺不张比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患儿转院后死亡1例，其余患儿出院后会咳嗽持续1～5个月。
结论: 百日咳患儿年龄多为6个月以下，且易发生于未进行疫苗接种儿童，传染源以家庭人员为主，常以痉挛性咳嗽为临床表现，患儿预后质量较好。
Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical features and auxiliary examination results of children with pertussis.#br# Methods: A total of 100 children with pertussis treated in our hospital from September2018 to January 2020 were chosen as research subjects, and the clinical characteristics were analyzed by descriptive method based on the information of symptoms, signs, baseline data, auxiliary examination and so on.#br# Results: Totally 77 children were positive by PCR and 34 were positive by PT-IgG; including 6 cases of negative PCR and 17 without detection. There were 62 children under 6 months. Among the 100 children, there was statistical difference in no-vaccination between the common pertussis children and severe pertussis children（P<0.05）. There was statistical differences in spasticity, cyanosis around mouth and apnea betweencommon pertussis children and severe ones when coughing（P<0.05）,while there was no statistical difference in red face,cockcrow echo or short of breath between them(P>0.05). Auxiliary examinations showed that there was no statistical difference in the complication with choamydiae infection/pneumonia, respiratory virus infection or EB virus infection between common pertussis children and severe ones（P>0.05）. There was statistical difference in normal WBC count, WBC count>30×109/L and hypoxia betweencommon pertussis children and severe ones（P<0.05）, and there was also statistical difference in the increase in WBC count, WBC count being (15-30)×109/L,the increase in lymphocyte proportion, the increasein C-reactive protein, the increase in hypersensitive C-reactive protein, the increase in procalcitonin, the increase in transaminase, the increase in myocardial enzymes, chest imaging pneumonia,emphysema, respiratory failure and atelectasis between them（P<0.05）.There was one case of death after being transferred to another hospital, and the other childrenhad one to five months of cough after discharge.#br# Conclusion: The children with pertussis are mostly under 6 months of age, and the disease is more likely to occur in children who are not vaccinated. The main source of infection is family members, and the clinical manifestations of spastic cough are often seen. The prognosis is quite good.
摘要： 目的: 探究分析百日咳患儿临床特征及辅助检查结果。
方法: 选择2018年9月至2020年1月在本院接受治疗的百日咳患儿100例为研究对象，基于症状、体征、基线资料、辅助检查等信息，应用描述性方法对其进行临床特征分析。
结果: 77例患儿经核酸检测为阳性，34例患儿经百日咳毒素特异性IgG抗体检测为阳性，包括6例核酸检测阴性患儿和17例未测核酸患儿。年龄在6个月以下的患儿62例；100例患儿中普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿未接种情况比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿咳嗽中，痉挛性、面色口周发绀、暂停呼吸性比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），面色涨红性、鸡鸣回音性、气喘性比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；辅助检查普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿并衣原体感染/肺炎、并呼吸道病毒感染、并EB病毒感染比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿在白细胞计数正常、白细胞计数＞30×109/L、低氧血症比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；普通百日咳和重症百日咳患儿在白细胞计数升高、白细胞（15～30）×109/L、淋巴细胞比例升高、C反应蛋白升高、超敏C反应蛋白升高、降钙素原升高、转氨酶升高、心肌酶升高、胸部影像学肺炎、肺气肿、呼吸衰竭、肺不张比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患儿转院后死亡1例，其余患儿出院后会咳嗽持续1～5个月。
结论: 百日咳患儿年龄多为6个月以下，且易发生于未进行疫苗接种儿童，传染源以家庭人员为主，常以痉挛性咳嗽为临床表现，患儿预后质量较好。
