Abstract:
Objective：To study the clinical features of bronchial tuberculosis in children.
Methods：A total of 32 children with bronchial tuberculosis were admitted to Shenyang Chest Hospital from March 2007 to March 2013. The clinical data of these patients were analyzed to summarize the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of bronchial tuberculosis.
Results：(1)There were 32 cases of childhood bronchial tuberculosis, who aged 7 to 14 years. Before the definite diagnosis, 32 cases were misdiagnosed, and the time varied from 2 weeks to one year. Fifteen cases had definite diagnosis and 17 cases received clinically diagnostic antituberculous treatment.(2)Clinical manifestation: there were 21 cases of fever and 7 cases of wheezing rale.(3) Totally 32 cases had abnormal X-ray; lung CT showed bronchial lymphoid tuberculosis in 10 cases and bronchial abnormalities in 9 cases. (4) Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed that there were 32 cases of bronchial tuberculosis.(5)The positive rate in etiological examination was 37.5%(12/32).(6)The positive expression rate of tuberculin test was 59.4%(19/32) in the disease course. (7)Totally 32 cases received antituberculous treatment, of which 30 were cured while 2 were lost.
Conclusion：Childhood bronchial tuberculosis has atypical clinical manifestations, and it is difficult to be diagnosed with high misdiagnosis rate and missed-diagnosis rate. The long disease course and bad compliance in treatment have direct influence on its prognosis. Early detection and diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to controlling the disease progress, reducing the occurrence of bronchial tuberculosis, relieving the clinical symptoms, reducing and preventing complications, increasing the cure rate and improving the prognosis.

Key words: Bronchial tuberculosid, Bronchial lymphoid tuberculosis, Clinical features, Child