Abstract: Objective：To provide a theoretical basis for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation and treatment of feeding intolerance in neonates who received intervention for preventing mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)by summarizing its TCM syndrome characteristics and analyzing its TCM pathogenesis rules.Methods：TCM syndrome investigation was carried out in the feeding intolerance neonates who had received intervention for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV from January 2018 to December 2023 in our hospital， and the relevant information and data were collected by TCM physicians using the TCM Symdrome Questionnaire of Feeding Intolerance Neonates Receiving Intervention for Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, and the TCM syndrome characteristics and TCM pathogenesis rules were analyzed on the basis of summarizing the data.Results：A total of 94 neonates with feeding intolerance who had received intervention for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV were included in the study， and the top 5 symptoms and signs were abdominal fullness(68 cases, 72.3%)，vomiting(56 cases, 59.6%)，anorexia (52 cases, 55.3%)，mucus stool(45 cases, 47.9%) and bloody stool(38 cases, 40.4%). The TCM syndrome classification included 3 types: syndrome of qi-deficiency of spleen and stomach(46 cases, 48.9%)， syndrome of yang-deficiency of spleen and stomach (26 cases, 27.7%) and syndrome of qi stagnation in middle-jiao(22 cases, 23.4%). The neonates with syndrome of qi-deficiency of spleen and stomach and syndrome of yang-deficiency of spleen and stomach had lower gestational age and birth body mass than those with syndrome of qi stagnation in middle-jiao, and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05); the mothers of the neonates with syndrome of qi-deficiency of spleen and stomach and syndrome of yang-deficiency of spleen and stomach had longer time of HIV infection than the mothers of those with syndrome of qi stagnation in middle-jiao, the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion：The main cause of feeding intolerance in neonates who have received intervention for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the disorder of the mothers, which affects the fetuses. The locus of the disease is the spleen, stomach and intestine, the nature of the disease is qi-deficiency inside the body，and the TCM pathogenesis is spleen deficiency affecting digestion and absorption and disorder of qi movement.

Key words: Feeding intolerance, Human immunodeficiency virus, Preventing mother-to-child transmission, Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome；Child