Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors and the characteristics of drug sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms in children with communityacquired pneumonia Methods Totally 240 children with communityacquired pneumonia were selected as the study group and 240 children who underwent health examination in the same period were selected as the control group Firstly,according to univariate analysis,risk factors(P<0.05) were included in the multivariate regression analysis At the same time,bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests were carried out on sputum or saliva of children in the study group to analyze the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms Results Age(>3 years old and <6 years old),premature delivery,breastfeeding <6 months,passive smoking,congenital diseases and air pollution were risk factors for communityacquired pneumonia in children;breastfeeding within 3 months,reasonable diet,indoor decoration(>5 years) were protective factors In the study group,52 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from sputum of 240 children with pneumonia,and 29 were Grampositive bacteria(55.8%),mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae(12,23.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus(9,17.3%) The resistance rates to clindamycin,erythromycin and compound neomycin were 95.2%(20/21),90.5%(19/21),and 85.7%(18/21),respectively They were more sensitive to moxifloxacin,vancomycin and cephalosporins There were 23 Gramnegative bacteria(44.2%),mainly Haemophilus influenzae(21.2%) The resistance rates to compound sulfonamide,cefaclor and ampicillin were 72.7%(8/11),63.6%(7/11) and 545%(6/11),respectively They were sensitive to cefotaxime,ofloxacin and chloramphenicol Conclusion Risk factors of pneumonia in children are related to age (>3,<6 years old),premature delivery,breastfeeding <6 months,passive smoking,congenital diseases and air pollution;protective factors are related to breastfeeding within 3 months,reasonable diet and indoor decoration(>5 years);Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae are the main bacteria for infections;floxacins and cephalosporins are more sensitive.

Key words: Communityacquired pneumonia, Logistic analysis, Pathogenic microorganisms, Drug sensitivity characteristics, Children