儿童功能性消化不良中医证候第一轮德尔菲专家咨询

doi:10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.05.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the diagnostic experience of experts in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes of functional dyspepsia in children by using the Delphi method, screen the diagnostic indicators of TCM syndromes, and evaluate their importance, so as to provide candidate TCM syndrome types and items for the subsequent establishment of diagnostic criteria for functional dyspepsia in children. Methods Based on literature research, the first round of questionnaire survey was conducted from August to September 2025 among selected experts using the Delphi method by the Development Group of Diagnostic Criteria for TCM Syndromes of Functional Dyspepsia in Children. The results of the questionnaire were entered, organized, and statistically analyzed using Excel and SPSS Statistics 27.0 software, and the expert positive coefficient, expert authority coefficient, and coordination degree and concentration of expert opinions were calculated. Results A total of 28 domestic experts were selected for the questionnaire survey, with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100%.The expert authority coefficient was 0.845,and the expert Kendall's W was 0.194(P<0.001).A total of 8 TCM syndrome types were established in the first round of expert questionnaire survey, including spleen-stomach Qi-deficiency syndrome, spleen-deficiency and Qi-stagnation syndrome, spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndrome, spleen-deficiency with food stagnation syndrome, liver-stomach disharmony syndrome, spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome, mixed cold-heat syndrome, milk and food stagnation syndrome. The characteristics of these TCM syndrome types were analyzed. Conclusion The study initially explores the distribution pattern and characteristics of TCM syndromes in pediatric functional dyspepsia, laying a foundation for subsequent research on the diagnostic criteria and clinical studies of TCM syndromes in pediatric functional dyspepsia.

Key words: Functional dyspepsia, Delphi method, TCM syndrome, Expert questionnaire, Child

CLC Number:

R442.2

Xinrui ZHANG, Mingxin E, Xuefeng WANG, Xiuying ZHANG, Jingwen MU. First-round Delphi expert consultation on traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of functional dyspepsia in children[J]. Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2026, 18(5): 399-407.

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References 31

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证型	均值	变异系数	满分比（%）
脾胃气虚证	4.68	0.12	71
脾虚气滞证	4.61	0.14	68
脾胃虚寒证	4.21	0.11	54
脾虚食滞证	4.82	0.08	82
肝胃不和证	4.79	0.09	79
脾胃湿热证	4.43	0.17	57
寒热错杂证	4.29	0.22	57
饮（乳）食积滞证	4.57	0.17	71

指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况	指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况
胃脘/脘腹部痞满疼痛	4.50	0.42	0.09	64	√	肢倦乏力	4.71	0.60	0.13	79	√
嗳气	4.18	0.90	0.22	43	√	身重困倦	4.00	1.12	0.28	43	√
食少纳呆/不思饮食	4.89	0.31	0.06	89	√	少气懒言	4.43	0.69	0.16	54	√
大便溏软	4.50	0.69	0.15	61	√	肥胖	3.61	0.99	0.28	18	×
早饱/少食则胀	4.82	0.39	0.08	82	√	形体偏瘦	4.14	0.89	0.22	39	√
泛吐清水	3.82	0.98	0.26	29	×	面色少华	4.36	0.78	0.18	50	√
饥饿时疼痛	4.14	0.76	0.18	36	√	面色萎黄	4.50	0.64	0.14	57	√
受凉/劳累后症状加重	4.39	0.69	0.16	50	√	舌质淡	4.79	0.50	0.10	82	√
胃脘/脘腹隐痛	4.61	0.50	0.11	61	√	边有齿痕	4.43	0.79	0.18	57	√
进食后加重	4.43	0.69	0.16	54	√	舌体胖大	4.21	0.79	0.19	39	√
大便时干时稀	4.25	0.84	0.20	46	√	苔薄白	4.75	0.52	0.11	79	√
嗳腐吞酸	3.82	1.09	0.29	36	√	苔白腻	4.18	1.12	0.27	50	√
胃脘/脘腹部胀满不适	4.32	0.90	0.21	54	√	苔白	4.29	1.05	0.24	61	√
喜温喜按	4.07	1.05	0.26	46	√	脉细弱	4.43	0.57	0.13	46	√
大便先硬后溏	3.93	1.09	0.28	36	√	脉细弱无力	4.46	0.84	0.19	64	√
恶心呕吐	3.75	1.08	0.29	29	×	脉沉细无力	4.14	0.97	0.23	43	√
口甜	3.43	1.10	0.32	18	×	脉弦细	3.43	1.43	0.42	29	×
口淡不渴	4.25	0.80	0.19	43	√

指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况	指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况
胃脘/脘腹部痞满疼痛	4.68	0.45	0.10	68	√	厌食	4.46	0.69	0.16	54	√
胃脘/脘腹部胀满不适	4.71	0.53	0.11	75	√	嗳腐吞酸	4.11	0.92	0.22	36	√
食少纳呆/不思饮食	4.64	0.56	0.12	68	√	肢倦乏力	4.29	0.85	0.20	46	√
嗳气	4.46	0.64	0.14	54	√	面色萎黄	4.46	0.64	0.14	54	√
便溏	4.21	0.69	0.16	36	√	舌质淡	4.46	0.58	0.13	50	√
口干口苦	3.75	1.08	0.29	25	×	苔薄白	4.46	0.64	0.14	54	√
打嗝/呃逆	4.36	0.62	0.14	43	√	脉弦细	4.39	0.63	0.14	46	√

指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况	指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况
胃脘/脘腹部痞满疼痛	4.46	0.99	0.22	64	√	反复哭闹	3.79	1.34	0.35	36	√
食少纳呆/不思饮食	4.57	0.69	0.15	68	√	形体偏瘦	4.14	0.93	0.22	39	√
胃脘/脘腹部胀满不适	4.54	0.69	0.15	61	√	四末欠温	4.71	0.53	0.11	75	√
受凉/劳累后症状加重	4.68	0.67	0.14	79	√	失眠多梦	3.71	1.36	0.37	36	√
喜温喜按	4.82	0.39	0.08	82	√	尿频	3.79	0.99	0.26	25	×
大便稀溏	4.75	0.44	0.09	75	√	面色少华	4.61	0.57	0.12	64	√
进食后加重	4.32	0.82	0.19	50	√	舌质淡	4.75	0.80	0.17	86	√
空腹痛甚、得食则缓	4.18	1.09	0.26	46	√	苔白	4.75	0.52	0.11	79	√
嗳腐吞酸	3.79	1.13	0.30	29	×	苔薄白	4.21	0.99	0.24	50	√
嘈杂不适	3.68	1.25	0.34	29	×	苔白滑	4.46	0.74	0.17	57	√
泛吐清水	4.25	0.75	0.18	43	√	脉细弱	4.61	0.63	0.14	68	√
恶心呕吐	4.21	0.88	0.21	46	√	脉细	4.04	1.29	0.32	50	√
大便溏软	4.61	0.63	0.14	68	√	脉弱	4.21	1.17	0.28	54	√
大便不调	4.36	0.91	0.21	54	√	脉缓无力	4.21	1.03	0.24	50	√
肢倦乏力	4.43	0.74	0.17	57	√	脉沉迟无力	4.36	0.78	0.18	54	√
急躁易怒	2.93	1.61	0.55	21	×

指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况	指标	均值	标准差	变异系数	满分比（%）	保留情况
胃脘或脘腹部胀满不适	4.89	0.21	0.04	89	√	形体偏瘦	4.32	0.72	0.17	46	√
食少纳呆/不思饮食	4.46	0.69	0.16	57	√	面色萎黄	4.39	0.88	0.20	61	√
胃脘/脘腹部痞满疼痛	4.64	0.49	0.11	64	√	舌质淡	4.32	0.72	0.17	46	√
大便溏薄夹有不消化食物	4.75	0.52	0.11	79	√	舌质淡红	4.14	1.11	0.27	46	√
嗳气	4.36	0.68	0.16	46	√	边有齿痕	3.71	1.36	0.37	36	√
喜温喜按	3.86	1.18	0.31	36	√	苔薄白	4.21	1.03	0.24	50	√
打嗝/呃逆	4.11	0.92	0.22	36	√	苔白	3.86	1.08	0.28	29	×
恶心呕吐	4.07	0.86	0.21	36	√	苔白腻	4.54	0.58	0.13	57	√
大便不调	4.46	0.69	0.16	57	√	脉缓无力	4.11	0.96	0.23	43	√
口干口苦	3.43	1.43	0.42	29	×	脉细滑	4.39	0.92	0.21	57	√
早饱/少食则胀	4.64	0.56	0.12	68	√	脉细弱	3.64	1.25	0.34	29	×
肢倦乏力	4.29	0.85	0.20	54	√

First-round Delphi expert consultation on traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of functional dyspepsia in children

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