Abstract:
Objective
To observe the clinical effects of humidified high-flow nasal cannula(HHFNC) in infants with pneumonia and capillary bronchitis.
Methods
Totally 60 cases of infants less than six months old diagnosed with pneumonia or capillary bronchitis between March 2016 and March 2017 were randomly divided into two groups on the basis of different respiratory support mode,with 30 cases in HHFNC group and the other 30 cases in nCPAP group,who had hypoxemia(transcutaneous oxygen saturation was under 90% or between 90% and 94% but had no improvement after oxygenation treatment with nasal catheters).The children's compliance（the number of cases with nasal catheters drawn by themselves or asked to be pulled off by family members) within 3 days and 7 days after treatment，abdominal distension and incidence of nasal septum injury,noninvasive respiratory support time and total time of oxygen use were observed.
Results
The 3d and 7d compliance rate of HHFNC group was 10.0%(3/30) and 16.7%(5/30), which was significantly lower than that of nCPAP group［(33.3%,10/30),(63.3%,19/30)］; the incience rate of abdominal distension and nasal septum injury was 10.0%(3/30) and 3.3%(1/30), significantly lower than that in nCPAP group［(73.3%,22/30),(26.7%,8/30)］; the difference was of statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of hypercapnia, noninvasive respiratory support time or total time of oxygen use between the two groups.
Conclusion
HHFNC,which provides respiratory support more cozily to infants with pneumonia or capillary bronchitis, has better compliance.

Key words: Pneumonia, Capillary bronchitis, Humidified high-flow nasal cannula, Continuous positive airway pressure, Infants