Abstract: Objective To detect and analyze the parts of corpus callosum in preschool children with febrile convulsion by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI),to observe the microscopic changes of corpus callosum,and to analyze the relationship between DTI and those changes Methods A total of 180 children received DTI examination in our hospital from June 2013 to January 2019:90 children with febrile convulsion were included in observation group and 90 with headache and without positive signs of nervous infection were in the control group The children in both groups underwent DTI examination The interested area was set respectively at every part of corpus callosum,and the FA and ADC values were determined,which were combined with clinical characteristics to make correlation analysis Results The FA value of all parts of corpus callosum was significantly decreased in observation group compared with that in control group,while ADC value was significantly increased;the FA value in the anterior 1/3 and the anterior part and the compression part in observation group was lower than that in control group;the ADC value in the anterior 1/3 and the compression part in observation group was higher than that in control group;the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) Conclusion DTI is more sensitive than conventional MRI in the diagnosis of preschool children with febrile convulsion and it can serve as a sensitive index in the detection and disease evaluation of febrile convulsion

Key words: Magnetic resonance imaging, Diffusion tensor imaging, Preschool children, Corpus callosum