Abstract: Objective To detect the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) and CD40 ligand(CD40L) in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, and to explore the relationship between their expression levels and prognosis.Methods A total of 146 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia treated in our hospital from February 2019 to May 2020 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into mild group(74 cases) and severe group(72 cases) according to the severity Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; meanwhile, 78 healthy children were selected as control group. The levels of serum sICAM-1, CD40L, inflammatory factors C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1) and forced vital capacity(FVC) were measured by lung function instrument, and FEV1/FVC ratio was calculated; the correlation between serum sICAM-1, CD40L and inflammatory factors and pulmonary function in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was analyzed; the prognostic factors of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children were analyzed.Results The levels of serum sICAM-1, CD40L, CRP and PCT in severe group were higher than those in mild group and control group, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were lower than those in mild group and control group; the levels of serum sICAM-1, CD40L, CRP and PCT in mild group were higher than those in control group, and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were lower than those in control group(P<0.05). Serum sICAM-1 and CD40L were positively correlated with CRP and PCT in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, and negatively correlated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC(P<0.05). The levels of serum sICAM-1, CD40L, CRP and PCT in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group, while the levels of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the poor prognosis group were lower than those in the good prognosis group(P<0.05). sICAM-1 and CD40L were independent risk factors of poor prognosis in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of serum sICAM-1 and CD40L in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia are increased significantly with the severity of the disease, and they are closely related to the prognosis of the children. Both of them may be of important value in auxiliary evaluation of pulmonary function and prognosis of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Key words:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD40 ligand, Prognosis, Children