ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管:国家卫生健康委员会
主办:中国医师协会
   辽宁省基础医学研究所
   辽宁中医药大学附属医院

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 246-250.doi: 10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2025.03.011

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

极低出生体重儿视网膜病变风险因素分析

陈徽双(), 郭庆玲, 戴露   

  1. 410007 长沙,中南大学湘雅医学院附属儿童医院(湖南省儿童医院)新生儿一病区
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-27 修回日期:2025-01-10 出版日期:2025-06-25 上线日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈徽双 E-mail:c297050717@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈徽双(1986?),女,护师。研究方向:新生儿护理

Analysis of risk factors for retinopathy in very low birth weight infants

Huishuang CHEN(), Qingling GUO, Lu DAI   

  1. Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College, Central South University (Hunan Children's Hospital),Changsha 410007,China
  • Received:2024-07-27 Revised:2025-01-10 Published:2025-06-25 Online:2025-06-25
  • Contact: Huishuang CHEN E-mail:c297050717@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨极低出生体重儿视网膜病变(ROP)的患病率及风险因素。 方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2024年3月湖南省儿童医院收治的极低出生体重儿242例为研究对象。根据是否发生ROP分为ROP组(71例)与非ROP组(171例)。采用患者一般资料问卷、母亲围生期情况及早产儿相关疾病进行单因素分析,筛选有统计学意义的单因素进行Logistic回归分析。 结果 242例患儿ROP的检出率为29.34%(71/242)。单因素分析发现,两组患儿母体妊娠期间患高血压和糖尿病,阴道分娩,多胎妊娠,试管妊娠,患儿出生体质量,宫内感染,机械通气,吸氧时间>5 d和输血治疗方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,母体妊娠期间患糖尿病、宫内感染、输血治疗和吸氧时间>5 d是ROP发生的独立危险因素。 结论 极低出生体重儿ROP检出率较高,母体妊娠期间患糖尿病,宫内感染,输血治疗和吸氧时间>5 d是极低出生体重儿发生ROP的独立危险因素。定期进行眼底筛查并采取及时的治疗措施,对于预防ROP导致的视力丧失,甚至失明具有至关重要的意义。

关键词: 视网膜病变, 风险因素, 极低出生体重儿, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in very low birth weight infants. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 242 extremely low birth weight infants admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2021 to March 2024. They were divided into ROP group(71 cases) and non?ROP group(171 cases) based on whether ROP occurred. Single factor analysis was conducted based on patient general information questionnaire, maternal perinatal status, and related diseases of premature infants, and single factors with statistical significance were selected for Logistic regression analysis. Result The detection rate of ROP in 242 children was 29.34% (71/242). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in maternal hypertension and diabetes mellitus, vaginal delivery, multiple births, in vitro fertilization, birth weight, intrauterine infection, mechanical ventilation, oxygen inhalation time >5 days and blood transfusion treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal diabetes mellitus, intrauterine infection, blood transfusion therapy, and oxygen inhalation time >5 days during pregnancy were independent risk factors for the development of ROP. Conclusion The detection rate of ROP in very low birth weight infants is high, and maternal diabetes mellitus, intrauterine infection, blood transfusion therapy, and oxygen inhalation time >5 days during pregnancy are independent risk factors for ROP in very low birth weight infants. Regular fundus screening and prompt treatment are essential to preventing vision loss and even blindness caused by ROP.

Key words: Retinopathy, Risk factors, Very low birth weight infants, Child

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