Abstract: Objective To measure serum uric acid(SUA) levels in children of different ages(0 to 14 years),investigate the incidence of high level of uric acid in those regions,and analyze its association with gender,age,body size-body mass index(BMI),and living habits［including consumption of seafood,consumption of long-boiled soup/stew,consumption of vegetables,consumption of beverages,consumption of sweets,daily water intake(mL) and daily exercise (min)］.Methods Totally 1 209 children visiting Kaiping City Centre Hospital and Kaiping Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled in the study.Height/length,weight and SUA of the children were measured,and the children were grouped according to age and gender in order to investigate the SUA levels of children in different age groups and genders.In addition,the children were grouped according to the SUA level to investigate the current situation of uric acid and the incidence of hyperuricaemia in the region.In the meantime,the relationship between hyperuricaemia(HUA) in the children and their gender,age,body size-BMI and living habits were also investigated.Results The distribution of SUA levels showed no statistically significant difference between different genders(P>0.05). In children of different ages and body types, SUA levels exhibited a trend of gradual increase with age and body type growth. The overall detection rate of hyperuricemia was 20.18%(244/1 209), and the comparison of the detection rates of hyperuricemia between different genders showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). However, the comparison of hyperuricemia detection rates among different ages and body types showed statistically significant differences(P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that seafood consumption, beverage intake, and a preference for sweet foods were risk factors for hyperuricemia, while increased vegetable intake, fluid consumption, and appropriate exercise were protective factors for uric acid levels. Conclusion The level of SUA in children in Kaiping City increases with age and changes in body type, with no specific relation to gender; high-purine and high-sugar foods are risk factors for hyperuricemia.

Key words: High level of uric acid, Incidence rate, Influencing factors, Child