毕节市七星关区小学生脾胃病现状调查

doi:10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.01.017

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation of spleen and stomach disorders among primary school students in Qixingguan District, Bijie City, analyze common pathogenic factors. Methods A questionnaire was designed and randomly distributed to parents of primary school students in Qixingguan District, Bijie City. Data on basic demographics, symptoms of spleen and stomach disorders, scale scores, and influencing factors were collected and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 950 questionnaires were recovered, with 1 894 valid responses retained. No significant differences were found in the incidence of spleen and stomach disorders among primary school students in terms of being Han ethnicity or not, age, being natural birth or not, being full-term birth or not, being single-parent family or not, being reconstituted family or not, or being left-behind children or not(P>0.05). Significant risk factors for spleen and stomach disorders included: frequent eating at roadside stalls, long-term indoor smoking of parents, eating within one hour before bedtime, persistent negative or depressed mood, daily screen time exceeding two hours, consumption of raw or cold food at least once a week, consumption of spicy food at least once a week, habitual rapid eating, and a family history of spleen and stomach diseases(P<0.05). Conclusion Spleen and stomach disorders are common among primary school students in Qixingguan District, Bijie City. It is necessary to promote healthy habits and awareness among the students, strengthen collaboration among parents, schools, and hospitals to safeguard the healthy development of primary school students.

Key words: Stomach and spleen diseases, Primary school students, Investigation, Influencing factors

CLC Number:

R725.7

Tianci LUO, Lili DONG, Feilong CHEN, Neng CAI, Xiaomei YAN, Yuehong LU, Yanhuan REN, Jing LIU, Xudong WANG. Investigation of the current situation of spleen and stomach diseases among primary school students in Qixingguan District, Bijie City[J]. Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2026, 18(1): 88-92.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 29

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项目		例数(n=1 894)	占比（%）	项目		例数(n=1 894)	占比（%）
性别	男	1 023	54.01	父母受教育程度	小学	174	9.19
	女	871	45.99		初中	849	44.83
民族	汉族	1 658	87.54		高中	472	24.92
	彝族	105	5.54		本科	384	20.27
	白族	34	1.80		研究生	15	0.79
	苗族	30	1.58	分娩方式	顺产	1 353	71.44
	其他民族	67	3.54		剖宫产	541	28.56
家庭情况	非单亲家庭	1 675	88.44	生产孕周	足月生产	1 766	93.40
	单亲家庭	219	11.56		早产	64	3.38
	非重组家庭	1 789	94.46		过期产	64	3.38
	重组家庭	105	5.54	一般身体指标	平均年龄(x±s，岁)	9.51±1.81
留守儿童	否	1 780	93.98		平均身高(x±s，m)	1.41±0.67
	是	114	6.02		平均体质量(x±s，kg)	26.33±17.42

症状	人数	比例（%）	症状	人数	比例（%）
腹痛	1 018	53.7	大便不成形	1 013	53.5
餐后饱胀	790	41.7	大便便秘	968	51.1
食欲减退	938	49.5	积食停滞	809	42.7
呃逆/嗳气	866	45.7	恶心/呕吐	721	38.1
反酸/烧心	535	28.2	挑食	1 118	59.0

因素	有症状组群	无症状组群	χ²/t值	P值
人数	1 632（100.00）	262（100.00）
男女	868（53.19） 764（46.81）	155（59.16） 107（46.84）	3.244	0.072
汉族	1 426(87.38)	232(88.55)	0.284	0.594
年龄(x±s，岁)	9.47±1.81	9.51±1.81	0.656	0.526
顺产	1 159(71.02)	194(74.05)	1.015	0.314
足月	1 519(93.08)	247(94.27)	0.515	0.473
非单亲家庭	1 441(88.30)	234(89.31)	0.228	0.633
非重组家庭	1 535(94.06)	254(96.95)	3.601	0.058
非留守儿童	1 534(94.00)	246(93.89)	0.004	0.949

因素	有症状组群	无症状组群	χ²值	P值
人数	1 632（100.00）	262（100.00）
家长长期在室内吸烟	531（32.54）	61（23.28）	8.998	0.003
长期睡前1 h内进食	207（12.68）	9（3.43）	19.113	<0.001
长期消极、低迷情绪	604（37.01）	33（12.60）	60.286	<0.001
日均电子屏幕时间超2 h	673（41.23）	50（19.08）	46.946	<0.001
每周进食生冷至少1次	446（27.33）	14（5.34）	59.340	<0.001
每周进食辛辣至少1次	448（27.45）	20（7.63）	47.657	<0.001
长期进食过快	241（14.77）	5（1.91）	33.030	<0.001
有脾胃病相关家族史	111（6.80）	3（1.15）	12.769	0.001

因素	B值	OR值	95%CI	P值
家长长期在室内吸烟	0.448	1.566	1.018～2.619	0.038
长期睡前1 h内进食	0.662	1.939	1.025～2.671	0.022
长期消极、低迷情绪	1.364	3.910	2.549～6.000	0.010
日均电子屏幕时间超2 h	0.831	2.296	1.625～3.246	<0.001
每周进食生冷至少1次	1.397	4.044	2.133～7.677	<0.001
每周进食辛辣至少1次	1.074	2.927	1.643～5.215	<0.001
长期进食过快	1.145	3.141	1.243～7.942	0.016
有脾胃病相关家族史	1.187	6.597	1.588～27.399	0.009

Investigation of the current situation of spleen and stomach diseases among primary school students in Qixingguan District, Bijie City

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