ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管:国家卫生健康委员会
主办:中国医师协会
   辽宁省基础医学研究所
   辽宁中医药大学附属医院

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 260-264.doi: 10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.03.013

• 中医应用研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于“三有余四不足”体质特点辨治小儿厌食

佟美汐1, 段晓征2(), 刘奥宁1   

  1. 130117 长春,长春中医药大学中医儿科学专业研究生(佟美汐,刘奥宁)
    130021 长春,长春中医药大学附属医院儿科(段晓征)
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-16 修回日期:2026-04-26 出版日期:2026-06-25 上线日期:2026-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 段晓征 E-mail:2547723712@qq.com
  • 作者简介:佟美汐(2001-),女,长春中医药大学2024级硕士研究生在读。研究方向:中医药防治小儿脾肾系及肺系疾病的研究

Syndrome-differentiated treatment for pediatric anorexia based on the constitutional characteristics of "three excesses and four deficiencies"

Meixi TONG1, Xiaozheng DUAN2(), Aoning LIU1   

  1. 1.Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
    2.The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130021, China
  • Received:2026-03-16 Revised:2026-04-26 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-25
  • Contact: Xiaozheng DUAN E-mail:2547723712@qq.com

摘要:

小儿厌食是儿科常见的脾胃系统疾病,临床上常以较长时间厌恶进食、食量减少为主要特征,若迁延不愈,则引发儿童营养不良、发育迟缓等。导师段晓征教授从事临床多载,认为其病位虽在脾胃,但其遣方用药与小儿体质密不可分,健脾助运以培本,平肝调气以畅枢,醒脾悦心以解郁,益肾填精以补土,滋阴生津以复润。随证治之,圆机活法,先审其体质偏颇,再辨其标本缓急,并基于小儿“三有余,四不足”的体质特点,以体质为本,证候为标,辨证论治小儿厌食。

关键词: 厌食, 中医辨证论治, 体质特点, 三有余四不足, 儿童

Abstract:

Pediatric anorexia is a common digestive issue in pediatric department. Clinically, it is usually characterized by a long-term dislike of eating and reduced food intake, which, if persists, can lead to malnutrition and delayed development in children. Professor Duan Xiaozheng, who has years of clinical experience, believes that although the problem lies in the spleen and stomach, the choice of prescriptions and medications is closely related to the child's constitution. He suggests invigorating the spleen and promoting transportation to strengthen the body's foundation, calming the liver and regulating qi to smooth the flow, awaking the spleen and soothing the mind to relieve stagnation, tonifying the kidneys and replenishing essence to tonify the spleen, and nourishing yin and producing fluids to restore moistness. Treatment should be conducted based on syndromes with flexible therapies, first assessing the child's constitution, then identifying what is root cause and what is urgent; based on the child's constitutional characteristics of "three excesses and four deficiencies", the syndrome-differentiated treatment for pediatric anorexia can be performed with constitution as the root and syndrome as manisfestations.

Key words: Anorexia, Syndrome-differentiated treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, Constitutional characteristics, Three excesses and four deficiencies, Child

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