儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎免疫机制研究及中西医结合治疗进展

doi:10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.03.004

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 207-213.doi: 10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2026.03.004

• 儿童呼吸系统疾病专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎免疫机制研究及中西医结合治疗进展

张悦¹, 杨燕飞², 王艳芬²(), 郭文婧²

030001 太原, 山西医科大学儿科医学系2023级儿科学专业研究生(张悦)
030001 太原, 山西医科大学第三临床医学院，山西白求恩医院儿科（杨燕飞，王艳芬，郭文婧）

收稿日期:2025-10-23 修回日期:2025-12-20 出版日期:2026-06-25 上线日期:2026-06-25
通讯作者: 王艳芬 E-mail:wangyanfenmail@126.com
作者简介:张悦（2000-），女，山西医科大学2023级硕士研究生在读。研究方向：小儿呼吸系统疾病的诊治
基金资助:
湖北陈孝平科技发展基金会资助项目（CXPJJH123004-034）

Study on the immunological mechanisms and advances in integrated Chinese-western medicine treatment of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

Yue ZHANG¹, Yanfei YANG², Yanfen WANG²(), Wenjing GUO²

^1.Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
^2.Third Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China

Received:2025-10-23 Revised:2025-12-20 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-25
Contact: Yanfen WANG E-mail:wangyanfenmail@126.com
Supported by:
Project of Hubei Chen Xiaoping Science and Technology Development Foundation

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肺炎支原体是儿童社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体之一，多数感染呈自限性，但部分患儿因免疫反应过度，可进展为重症肺炎支原体肺炎，导致临床治疗难度增加。本文综述重症肺炎支原体肺炎的免疫病理机制，重点阐述先天免疫异常、适应性免疫失调、细胞因子风暴等在引起肺组织损伤中的关键作用。同时，结合中医学“正气存内、邪不可干”“热毒炽盛”“肺失宣降”等核心理论，探讨中医药通过清热解毒、宣肺化痰、益气养阴等多途径、多靶点调控免疫失衡的内在机制，并进一步阐述中西医结合干预在缓解炎症、改善预后中的潜在优势。旨在为重症肺炎支原体肺炎的早期识别、免疫调控及中西医结合防治提供新的理论与临床参考。

关键词: 肺炎支原体肺炎, 重症, 细胞因子风暴, 免疫机制, 中西医结合治疗, 儿童

Abstract:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) is one of the major pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia in children. While most infections are self-limited, some pediatric patients may develop severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP) due to an excessive immune response, which significantly increases the difficulty of clinical treatment. This article reviews the immunopathological mechanisms of SMPP, with a focus on the key roles of innate immune dysfunction, adaptive immune imbalance, and cytokine storms in inducing lung tissue damage. Meanwhile, by integrating core theories of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) such as ＂preservation of healthy qi to prevent invasion by pathogenic factors＂(zheng qi cun nei, xie bu ke gan), ＂exuberant heat-toxin＂, and ＂failure of lung to disperse and descend＂, the article explores how TCM regulates the internal mechanism of immune imbalance through multiple pathways and targets, including clearing heat and detoxifying, dispersing the lung and resolving phlegm, and benefiting qi and nourishing yin. Furthermore, it discusses the potential advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine interventions in alleviating inflammation and improving prognosis. The aim is to provide new theoretical insights and clinical references for the early identification, immune regulation, and integrated Chinese and western prevention and treatment of SMPP.

Key words: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, Severe, Cytokine storm, Immune mechanism, Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment, Child

中图分类号:

R725.6

张悦, 杨燕飞, 王艳芬, 郭文婧. 儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎免疫机制研究及中西医结合治疗进展[J]. 中国中西医结合儿科学, 2026, 18(3): 207-213.

Yue ZHANG, Yanfei YANG, Yanfen WANG, Wenjing GUO. Study on the immunological mechanisms and advances in integrated Chinese-western medicine treatment of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children[J]. Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2026, 18(3): 207-213.

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儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎免疫机制研究及中西医结合治疗进展

Study on the immunological mechanisms and advances in integrated Chinese-western medicine treatment of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

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