ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
　　　辽宁省基础医学研究所
　　　辽宁中医药大学附属医院
中国中西医结合儿科学

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (6): 477-487.doi: 10.20274/j.cnki.issn.1674-3865.2025.06.004

• 临床论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

《1+～7岁儿童中医体质量表》评价研究

王雪峰1(), 王琦2(), 白明华2, 王济2, 许华3, 王力宁4, 张葆青5, 崔振泽6, 吴振起1, 赵雪1, 张秀英1, 孔馨悦7, 赫昊7, 刘馨蔚7   

  1. 110000 沈阳，辽宁中医药大学附属医院儿科（王雪峰，吴振起，赵雪，张秀英）
    100029 北京，北京中医药大学国家中医体质与治未病研究院（王琦，王济，白明华）
    510405 广州，广州中医药大学附属第一医院儿科（许华）
    530023 南宁，广西中医药大学附属医院儿科（王力宁）
    250011 济南，山东中医药大学附属医院儿科（张葆青）
    116021 大连，大连市妇女儿童医疗中心（集团）（崔振泽）
    110000 沈阳，辽宁中医药大学（孔馨悦，赫昊，刘馨蔚）
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-02 修回日期:2025-11-27 出版日期:2025-12-25 上线日期:2025-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 王雪峰,王琦 E-mail:lnzywxf@163.com;wangqi710@126.com
  • 作者简介:王雪峰（1957-），女，医学博士，教授、主任医师。研究方向：儿童中医体质评价
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局中医临床研究基地业务建设科研专项(JDZX2015030);国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(ZYYCXTD-C-202001)

Study on the assessment of "the TCM Constitution Scale for Children Aged 1+ to 7 Years"

Xuefeng WANG1(), Qi WANG2(), Minghua BAI2, Ji WANG2, Hua XU3, Lining WANG4, Baoqing ZHANG5, Zhenze CUI6, Zhenqi WU1, Xue ZHAO1, Xiuying ZHANG1, Xinyue KONG7, Hao HE7, Xinwei LIU7   

  1. 1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110000, China
    2.National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Treatment of Diseases, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100029, China
    3.The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou 510405, China
    4.Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Nanning 530023, China
    5.Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Jinan 250011, China
    6.Dalian Women and Children's Medical Center(Group)，Dalian 116021, China
    7.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shenyang 110000, China
  • Received:2025-11-02 Revised:2025-11-27 Published:2025-12-25 Online:2025-12-31
  • Contact: Xuefeng WANG,Qi WANG E-mail:lnzywxf@163.com;wangqi710@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Special Program for the Operational Development of TCM Clinical Research Bases of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(JDZX2015030)

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摘要：

目的 旨在检验《1+～7岁儿童中医体质量表》的信度和效度，并对其进行优化。 方法 选择5家单位医院保健室的健康儿童进行现场纳入，通过决断值-临界比、条总相关法、Cronbach's α系数、折半信度、重测信度、因子分析等方法，对量表的信度效度进行评价，并对问题条目进行归纳总结。 结果 对9个亚量表的高、低分组做独立样本t检验，各亚量表条目的t值均>3.000，P值均<0.05，无需修改或删除；对9个亚量表分别做Pearson相关系数检验，条目气虚9、血瘀40与总得分的相关系数均<0.4，考虑将其更改或删除；总量表及各亚量表的Cronbach's α系数均>0.6，内部一致性可，删除气虚5、气虚9、阳虚13、阴虚23、痰湿29、湿热36、血瘀40、气郁52、特禀58、特禀59、平和条目62后Cronbach's α系数增加，考虑将其删除或更改；采用主成分分析法，基于特征值>1对公因子进行提取，共提取15个公因子，累计贡献率为62.226%，为拟合9种中医体质理论，设定提取因子数目为9，其累计贡献率为50.342%；各亚量表的结构效度分析中，含有1个成分者有湿热质、平和质，含2个成分者有气虚质、阳虚质、痰湿质、血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质亚量表，含3个成分者有阴虚质亚量表，所有亚量表条目的因子载荷均>0.4。 结论 《1+～7岁儿童中医体质量表》用于儿童体质评估信度、效度尚可，但仍需进行调整以对其信度效度加以完善，后续将与相关专家进行探讨，删除或修改问题条目，形成二测版《1+～7岁儿童中医体质量表》，以期此量表可更适用于临床儿童体质辨识。

关键词: 中医体质, 量表, 信度, 效度, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective To test the reliability and validity of "the TCM Constitution Scale for Children Aged 1+ to 7 Years", and to optimize it. Methods Healthy children from 5 hospitals were selected for on-site inclusion. The reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed by means of decision value-critical ratio, item-total correlation method, Cronbach's α coefficient, split half reliability, retest reliability, and factor analysis,etc.,and the items with problems were summarized. Results Independent sample t-test was performed for the high and low subscales of 9 subscales, and the items of each subscale had t>3.000, P<0.05, without modification or deletion. Pearson correlation coefficient test was performed on 9 subscales, and the correlation coefficients of items Qi deficiency 9 and blood stasis 40 with the total score were all < 0.4, so it was considered to change or delete them. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale and each subscale was >0.6, and the internal consistency was acceptable. After deleting items 5, 9, 13, 23, 29, 36, 40, 52, 58, 59, and 62, Cronbach's α coefficient increased, and it was considered to delete or change them. Principal component analysis was used to extract common factors based on eigenvalue greater than 1, and a total of 15 common factors were extracted, with a cumulative contribution rate of 62.226%. In order to further fit nine TCM constitution theories, the number of extraction factors was set at 9, and the cumulative contribution rate was shown to be 50.342%.In the structural validity analysis of each subscale, the one with 1 component had the dampness-heat quality and the peace quality; the one with 2 components had the Qi-deficiency quality, Yang-deficiency quality, phlegm-dampness quality, blood-stasis quality, Qi-stagnation quality and special quality subscale; the one with 3 components had the Yin-deficiency quality subscale. The factor loading for all subscale items was >0.4. Conclusion The reliability and validity of the "the TCM Constitution Scale for Children Aged 1+ to 7 Years" for the assessment of children's physical constitution are acceptable, but it still needs to be adjusted to improve its reliability and validity. Later, a discussion with relevant experts will be conducted, and the items with problems will be deleted or modified to form the second version of test of the "the TCM Constitution Scale for Children Aged 1+ to 7 Years", in order to make this scale more suitable for clinical identification of children's physical constitution.

Key words: TCM constitution, Scale, Reliability, Validity, Child

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