Abstract:

Objective To analyze the clinical features of nosocomial infections in premature infants with low birth weight infants and the drug resistance of pathogenic strains in common infection sites in order to provide a reference for early clinical diagnosis and early treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out in 217 cases of premature infants and low birth weight admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Henan Provincial Hospital from June 2017 to June 2020.Results Among the 217 cases of premature infants with low birth weight there were 110 males(50.69%) and 107 females(49.31%)，the ratio of male to female being 1.03∶1.There were 72 cases of infected children (33.18%) and 145 cases of uninfected children(66.82%).In the past 3 years,the infection rate was 23.08% to 48.65%,showing a downward trend.There was a statistically significant difference in gestational age and parenteral nutrition between infected and uninfected children(P<0.05).There are differences in PCT and IL-6 in children with infections between positive and negative bacteriology.The top two infection sites were the lungs and digestive tract,Common pathogenic strains were Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus;Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were highly resistant to penicillin（78.57%，83.33%），clindamycin（92.86%,91.67%） and erythromycin（92.86%,91.67%）;Streptococcus remained sensitive to penicillin（66.67%） and gentamicin（88.89%）.The detection rates of MRSA and MRSCN were 66.67% and 78.57%.No vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was found.Serotype identification was made in 9 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,and there were 2 strains of Type 14,2strains of 19F type,1 strain of 19A type,1 strain of 6B type,and 1 strain of 23F type.Serotype coverage of 13-valent pneumococcal proteoglycan conjugate vaccine was 100%.Conclusion Premature infants with low birth weight who have a lower gestational age and longer parenteral nutrition are at a higher risk of infection.The current status of drug resistance of infectious pathogens varies among regions and hospitals.

Key words:

Hospital infection, Pathogenic bacteria, Resistance status, Low birth weight infant, Clinical features, Premature baby